الجهة المسؤولة عن الرد: Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice (CHRAJ)
The government of Ghana has not yet responded to the questionnaire. We continue to welcome its response - please contact [email protected]
هل اتخذت حكومتك أية مبادرات كان لها نتائج ناجحة ، على مسار الحد من الآثار السلبية للشركات على حقوق الإنسان؟ يُرجى عرض مثال واحد أو أكثر.
Yes. On July 21, 2009 the Government of Ghana set up under the auspices of the Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology (MEST) a six-member Committee to study the Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice Report on: “The State of Human Rights in Mining Communities in Ghana", (2008) to advise on the implementation of recommendations of the report. MEST set up a panel on the spill/discharge of water containing sodium cyanide by Newmont Ghana Gold Limited (NGGL) at the Kenyasi-Ahafo South Project (The panel recommended payment of compensation by NGGL). A Panel constituted by MEST in December, 2009 investigated the spillage of low toxicity oil based mud by Kosmos Energy, Ghana in the Jubilee Field, Offshore.
ما هي الإدارة أو الإدارات التي تتولى المسؤولية فيما يخص الأعمال التجارية وحقوق الإنسان في حكومتك؟
- Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology (MEST)
- Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources
- Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice (CHRAJ)
هل قامت حكومتك بأفعال جديدة على مسار الأعمال التجارية وحقوق الإنسان من بعد مبادئ الأمم المتحدة التوجيهية؟
Yes. The Government of Ghana supported CHRAJ in July 2014 to organize three workshops on the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. The workshops were jointly organized by CHRAJ, Shift and SOMO. Shift is an independent non-profit centre for business and human rights practice, chaired by Prof. John Ruggie. SOMO is the Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations, a global non-governmental organization based in the Netherlands. The Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources is also working towards implementation of the Voluntary principles of security and human rights.
ما هي الآثار السلبية الخمسة الأهم التي تمس حقوق الإنسان التي اتخذت حكومتك تدابير حيالها؟
Top five priority issues:
- Health (including environmental health, workplace health & safety)
- Forced labour & trafficking
- Access to water
- Abuses linked to security for company operations (e.g.: torture & ill-treatment)
- Impacts on children, including child labour
تدابير حيال الصحة
The Constitutional, legislation and policies promote and protect, among other things, environmental health, workplace health & safety, which are also well protected by an active and vibrant trade unions.
تدابير حيال العمل القسري والإتجار بالبشر
Forced labour & trafficking are prohibited by law.
تدابير حيال الوصول إلى المياه
Access to water: especially in rural communities is expanding across the country.
تدابير حيال العلاقات بشركات الأمن
It appears abuses linked to security for company operations (e.g.: torture & ill-treatment) have reduced, with companies now improving communications with local communities. Majority of companies take their corporate social responsibility seriously.
تدابير حيال حقوق الأطفال
Child labour is prohibited.
هل اعتمدت حكومتك خطة عمل وطنية بشأن الأعمال التجارية وحقوق الإنسان بحسب توجيهات مجلس حقوق الإنسان التابع للأمم المتحدة والفريق العامل المعني بالأعمال التجارية وحقوق الإنسان بالأمم المتحدة؟ أو أنها سوف تقوم بذلك؟
No. But the Government is working towards the adoption of a country action plan on the VPs instead. It is foreseeable that a country action plan will be adopted. The foundation has been laid in July 2014 by organizing three workshops on the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights aimed towards implementation of the Guidelines.
إذا كانت حكومتك قد اعتمدت خطة عمل وطنية أو إذا كانت تخطط لاعتماد خطة؛ يرجى تسليط الضوء على ما إذا كانت الخطة تتبع المعايير الدولية لحقوق الإنسان وما إذا كان قد تم وضعها بالتشاور مع أصحاب المصلحة المتأثرين.
The foundation laid in July, 2014 jointly by CHRAJ/ Shift and SOMO promises a national action plan based on the relevant international human rights instruments for Business and Human Rights as well as the VPs.
ما هي الخطوات التي تم اتخاذها لتطوير وسائل قضائية وإدارية جديدة للانتصاف، أو الخطوات التي تم اتخاذها للحد من الحواجز التي قد تؤدي إلى إعاقة وصول الضحايا إلى سبل الانتصاف المتاحة حالياً لهم؟
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is seriously promoted by the Judiciary. A court connected ADR is implemented in the courts in Ghana. The commercial courts also allow arbitration before parties resort to adversarial litigation. In addition, CHRAJ receives approximately 12,000 complaints annually and resolves about 80% of these cases. Non-custodial sentencing is also being considered in conformity with international human rights standards. These measures are adopted based on recommendations by the stakeholders including academe and media.
ما التدابير التي اتخذتها حكومتك لتحسين سبل الانتصاف غير القضائية؟
Alternate dispute resolution is being promoted.
بالنسبة للشركات التي يقع مركزها الرئيسي في بلدك، أو الفروع المسجلة في بلدك، هل اتخذت حكومتك خطوات لتعزيز المساءلة حول آثار عمل هذه الشركات على حقوق الإنسان في الخارج؟ إذا كان الأمر كذلك، يرجى ذكر الخطوات.
None.
ما العوامل التي تعيق قدرة حكومتك على اتخاذ تدابير تخص الأعمال التجارية وحقوق الإنسان؟
Most important factor:
- Lack of resources for enforcement, monitoring and prosecution
Significant factors:
- Opposition by economic interest groups or business associations
- Concern about deterring foreign investment
- Lack of understanding or awareness of business & human rights in government
- Challenges of coordinating across government departments
Minor factor:
- Opposition or lack of consensus within government
- Other opposition by influential people or groups outside government
- Political limitations imposed by foreign governments or multilateral institutions
ي حال توفرها، ما هي أشكال الدعم التي قد تلقى ترحيبا من حكومتك، للمساعدة في تحسين إجراءاتها الرامية لتحسين آثار الشركات على حقوق الإنسان؟
- Technical assistance,
- Collaborative learning and
- Capacity building.